moles/stoichiometry.....aim 6
how can the solubility of ionic compounds be predicted?
.....aim 5
aims.....
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moles/stoichiometry.....aim 6 |
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how can the solubility of ionic compounds be predicted? |
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.....aim 5 |
aims..... |
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The solubility of ionic compounds can be predicted using table F.
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Solubility Guidelines |
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Ions That Form Soluble Compounds |
Exceptions |
Examples of Soluble Compounds |
Examples of Insoluble Compounds |
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Group 1 ions (Li+, Na+ , ect.) |
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NaCl |
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ammonium (NH4+) |
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(NH4)2SO4 |
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nitrate (NO3-) |
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KNO3 |
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acetate (C2H3O2-or CH3COO-) |
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LiC2H3O2 |
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hydrogen carbonate (HCO3-) |
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NaHCO3 |
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chlorate (ClO3-) |
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NH4ClO3 |
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perchlorate (C1O4-) |
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KClO4 |
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halides (C1-, Br- , I-) |
when combined with Ag+ ,Pb2+ ,and Hg22+ |
NaBr |
AgCl |
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Sulfates (SO42-) |
when combined with Ag+, Ca2+,Sr2+ ,Ba2+ , and Pb2+ |
K2SO4 |
BaSO4 |
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Ions That Form Insoluble Compounds |
Exceptions |
Examples of Insoluble Compounds |
Examples of Soluble Compounds |
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carbonate (CO32-) |
when combined with Group 1 ions or ammonium (NH4+) |
MgCO3 |
NaCO3 |
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chromate (CrO42-) |
when combined with Group 1 ions or ammonium (NH4+) |
BaCrO4 |
Li2CrO4 |
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phosphate (PO43-) |
when combined with Group 1 ions or ammonium (NH4+) |
Mg3(PO4)2 |
(NH4)3PO4 |
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sulfide (S2-) |
when combined with Group 1 ions or ammonium (NH4+) |
ZnS |
Li2S |
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hydroxide (OH-) |
when combined with Group 1 ions, Ca2+ ,Ba2+ , and Sr2+ |
Mg(OH)2 |
Ca(OH)2 |
Problems
Predict if the compound is soluble or insoluble.
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MgS |
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CuCl2 |
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SrS |
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SrF2 |
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UF6 |
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Mg(OH)2 |
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K2S |
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N2S5 |
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NH4NO3 |
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MgF2 |
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BrCl5 |
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HgCO3 |
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NaHCO3 |
AlPO4 |
NaBr |
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K2SO4 |
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Na2CrO4 |
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Al2S3 |
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Cu2SO4 |
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Sn(NO3)2 |
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MnSO4 |
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Cu(ClO3)2 |
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Pb(OH)4 |
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PbCl2 |
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Ni(C2H3O2)2 |
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KClO3 |
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Hg2(ClO4)2 |
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FeSO4 |
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XeF6 |
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Mg3(PO4)2 |
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Pb(NO3)2 |
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BaCl2 |
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Hg2F2 |
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Na2CO3 |
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Fe2S3 |
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BF3 |
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CaCO3 |
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Fe(HCO3)3 |
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CaBr2 |
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TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1. The reactants of a double replacement reaction are barium nitrate and sodium phosphate.
a) Find the 2 products and write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
b) Predict the solubility of all the compounds.
2. The reactants of a double replacement reaction are strontium chloride and potassium phosphate.
a) Find the 2 products and write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
b) Predict the solubility of all the compounds.
8/07
26 Which formula represents a hydronium ion?
6/03
14. According to Table F, which of these salts is least soluble in water? (1) LiCl (2) RbCl (3) FeCl2 (4) PbCl2
8/03
9 Based on Reference Table F, which of these salts is the best electrolyte? (1) sodium nitrate (2) magnesium carbonate (3) silver chloride (4) barium sulfate
1/05
48 Based on Reference Table F, which of these saturated solutions has the lowest concentration of dissolved ions?
(1) NaCl(aq) (2) MgCl2(aq) (3) NiCl2(aq) (4) AgCl(aq)
6/05
38 According to Reference Table F, which of these compounds is the least soluble in water?
(1) K2CO3 (2) KC2H3O2 (3) Ca3(PO4)2 (4) Ca(NO3)2
6/06
15 Which ion, when combined with chloride ions, Cl–, forms an insoluble substance in water?
(1) Fe2+ (2) Mg2+ (3) Pb2+ (4) Zn2+
8/06
14 Which compound is insoluble in water?
(1) BaSO4 (2) CaCrO4 (3) KClO3 (4) Na2S