moles/stoichiometry.....aim 5

what are the different types of chemical reactions?

.....aim 4

home

aim 6.....

 

HW From textbook “CHEMISTRY a Contemporary Approach”

·         Read “Types of Chemical Reactions” p159-162

·         Do exercise 4.11 p162

·         Do “Questions for Review” 5 and “Essay Question” p162&163

 

Types of chemical reactions include:

 

Synthesis is the reaction of 2 or more elements to form a compound.

General formula A + B à C

Example

4 Fe + 3 O2 --> 2 Fe2O3

 

Decomposition is the broken down of a large molecule into its elements or into smaller substances.

General formula C à A + B

Example

2 KClO3 --> 2 KCl + 3 O2

 

Single replacement is when 1 element reacts with a compound to form a new compound.

General formula x + yA à xA + y 

Example

Cu + 2 AgNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag  

 

Double replacement is when 2 compounds react to produce 2 new compounds. The cation of one compound replaces the cation in another compound.

General formula xA + yB à yA + xB

Example

Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 --> 2 HOH + CaSO4    (Ca2+ replaces 2H+)     note:  HOH = H2O

 

Combustion is usually the burning of a hydrocarbons in the presence of oxygen. One product is carbon dioxide when there is an excess amount of oxygen and the other is water.

Example

CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O

 

Problems 

1. Identify the type of the following chemical reactions.

    MgSO4 +  BaCl2--> MgCl2 + BaSO4        

    Zn  + 2 AgNO3  --> 2 Ag + Zn(NO3)2

    2 HgO --> 2 Hg + O2

    Na+  + Cl-  --> NaCl

 

2. In table I find the type of each reaction.

 

TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1/07

46 Given the balanced equation representing a reaction:

Which type of reaction is represented by this equation? (1) decomposition  (2) neutralization (3) single replacement        (4) synthesis

8/07

Base your answers to questions 70 through 72 on the information below.

Rust on an automobile door contains Fe2O3(s). The balanced equation representing one of the reactions between iron in the door of the automobile and oxygen in the atmosphere is given below. 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) ---> 2Fe2O3(s)

70 Identify the type of chemical reaction represented by this equation.

71 Determine the gram-formula mass of the product of this reaction.

72 Write the IUPAC name for Fe2O3.

1/06

37 Given the balanced equation: 2KClO3 -> 2KCl + 3O2 Which type of reaction is represented by this equation?    (1) synthesis    (2) decomposition    (3) single replacement    (4) double replacement

42 Given the incomplete equation for the combustion of ethane    2C2H6 + 7O2 --> 4CO2 + 6 ____

What is the formula of the missing product?    (1) CH3OH (2) HCOOH (3) H2O (4) H2O2

6/06

8 Which list includes three types of chemical reactions?

    (1) condensation, double replacement, and sublimation    (2) condensation, solidification, and synthesis

    (3) decomposition, double replacement, and synthesis    (4) decomposition, solidification, and sublimation

8/06

Base your answers to questions 82 through 84 on the information below.

A student places a 2.50-gram sample of magnesium metal in a bottle and fits the bottle with a 2-hole stopper as shown in the diagram. Hydrochloric acid is added to the bottle, causing a reaction. As the reaction proceeds, hydrogen gas travels through the tubing to an

inverted bottle filled with water, displacing some of the water in the bottle.

 

82 Balance the equation  for the reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid, using the smallest whole-number coefficients.

83 Identify the type of chemical reaction that occurs when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid.

84 Show a correct numerical setup for calculating the number of moles of magnesium used in the experiment.

1/04

38 Given the reaction: Mg(s) + 2 AgNO3 (aq) ---> Mg( NO3)2 (aq) + 2 Ag(s) Which type of reaction is represented?
        (1) single replacement (2) double replacement (3) synthesis (4) decomposition

6/04

Base your answers to questions 51 through 53 on the balanced chemical equation below.
2H2O ---> 2H2 + O2

51 What type of reaction does this equation represent?

52 How does the balanced chemical equation show the Law of Conservation of Mass?
53 What is the total number of moles of O2 produced when 8 moles of H2O is completely consumed?

8/03

41 Which equation represents a double replacement reaction?     (1) 2 Na + 2 H2O --> 2 NaOH + H2   (2) CaCO3 --> CaO + CO2   (3) LiOH + HCl --> LiCl + H2O   (4) CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O

home