acids bases and salts

	acids bases and salts.....aims

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given properties, identify substances as Arrhenius acids or Arrhenius bases
write simple neutralization reactions when given the reactants
calculate the concentration or volume of a solution, using titration data
identify solutions as acid, base, or neutral based upon the pH
interpret changes in acid-base indicator color

real-world connections

acid rain
household chemicals buffers
swimming pool chemistry
blood acidosis/ alkalosis
cleaning agents

fill-in the blanks

Words: acid-base, alkalinity, Arrhenius, concentration, dissolved, donor, electric current, electrolytes, hydrogen, hydronium, indicators, neutralization, tenfold, titration

Behavior of many acids and bases can be explained by the ________ theory. Arrhenius acids and bases are _________. An electrolyte is a substance which, when __________ in water, forms a solution capable of conducting an ________ _________. The ability of a solution to conduct an electric current depends on the ____________ of ions. Arrhenius acids yield H⁺(aq), _________ ion as the only positive ion in an aqueous solution. The hydrogen ion may also be written as H₃O⁺(aq), ___________ ion. Arrhenius bases yield OH^-(aq), hydroxide ion as the only negative ion in an aqueous solution. In the process of ______________, an Arrhenius acid and an Arrhenius base react to form a salt and water. ________ is a laboratory process in which a volume of solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution. There are alternate ____ - _____ theories. One theory states that an acid is an H⁺______ and a base is an H⁺ acceptor. The acidity or alkalinity of a solution can be measured by its pH value. The relative level of acidity or ___________ of a solution can be shown by using __________. On the pH scale, each decrease of one unit of pH represents a _______ increase in hydronium ion concentration.

quiz 1

Question #1
According to the Arrhenius theory, a base yields
[A] H+ as the only postive ion in an aqueous solution
[B] OH- as the only postive ion in an aqueous solution
[C] OH- as the only negative ion in an aqueous solution
[D] H- as the only negative ion in an aqueous solution

Question #2
In the reaction H2SO4(aq) --> 2H+(aq) + SO4-2(aq) H2SO4 is a
[A] Arrhenius acid
[B] Arrhenius base
[C] Salt

Question #3
Arrhenius acids yield
[A] OH- as the only negative ion in an aqueous solution
[B] H- as the only negative ion in an aqueous solution
[C] H3O+ as the only positive ion in an aqueous solution
[D] OH+ as the only postive ion in an aqueous solution

Question #4
Which of the following is an Arrhenius base?
[A] HCl
[B] H2SO4
[C] NaCl
[D] NH3

Question #5
Which of the following is a salt?
[A] HOH
[B] NH4NO3
[C] HCl
[D] H2CO3

Question #6
A substance that conducts an electrical current when dissolved in water is called
[A] an acid
[B] an electrolyte
[C] an ionic compound
[D] a nonelectrolyte

Question #7
Which of the following can conduct an electric current?
[A] Mg(OH)2(s)
[B] H2O(s)
[C] NaOH(aq)
[D] NH4Cl(s)

Question #8
Which electrolyte is best at conducting electricity when dissolved in an aqueous solution?
[A] KCl(s)
[B] Na2SO4(s)
[C] CaCl2(s)
[D] H3PO4(s)

Question #9
NaOH(s) can conduct an electric current because it is an Arrhenius base.
True
False

Question #10
A student dissolved NaCl(s) in water, and tested with a battery, wire, and a light blub to see if it conducted an electric current. The solution conducted an electric current. This is because NaCl(s) is
[A] a salt and an electrolyte
[B] a salt and a nonelectrolyte
[C] a Arrhenius acid and an electrolyte
[D] a Arrhenius base and an electrolyte

quiz 2

Question #1
In the process of neutralization, an Arrhenius acid and an Arrhenius base react to form which of the following?
[A] Water only
[B] Salt and Carbon dioxide
[C] Water and Carbon dioxide
[D] Water and Salt

Question #2
In the following reaction, ....+....--> HOH + KCl, what is one of the reactants.
[A] KOH
[B] HOH
[C] KCl
[D] Cl2

Question #3
What type of chemical reaction is neutralization?
[A] single replacement
[B] double replacement
[C] synthesis
[D] decomposition

Question #4
The neutralizaion can be represented only through an Arrhenius acid and an Arrhenius base.
True
False

Question #5
Which of the compounds can serve as a reactant in a neutralization reaction?
[A] NaI
[B] LiI
[C] HI
[D] RbI

Question #6
In the following unbalanced reaction, what is the coefficient of HOH once the reaction is balanced? H2CO3 + KOH --> HOH + K2CO3
[A] 1
[B] 2
[C] 3
[D] 4

Question #7
In the process of neutralization a salt and a base react to yield water and an acid.
True
False

Question #8
Which of the following can be a product of neutralization?
[A] LiOH(s)
[B] HCl(l)
[C] MgI2(l)
[D] NaCl(aq)

Question #9
Which of the following reactants will represent a neutralization?
[A] BaCl2 + CaSO4
[B] HCl + F-
[C] Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4
[D] NaCl + H2O

Question #10
When NaOH and HCl react, what will be on the product side?
[A] only NaCl
[B] only HOH
[C] NaCl and HOH
[D] NaCl and Cl2

quiz 3

Question #1
Titration is a process in which
[A] which a volume of solution of unknown concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution.
[B] which a volume of solution of known concentration is used to determine the volume of another solution.
[C] which a volume of solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution.
[D] which a volume of solution of known concentration is used to determine the curve of another solution.

Question #2
Which is not considered an indicator?
[A] Methyl orange
[B] bromthymol blue
[C] phenolphtalein
[D] bromcresol red

Question #3
A titration reaction involves a complete neutralization reaction where the moles of H+ equals the moles of OH-.
True
False

Question #4
In MaVa=MbVb, what is Mb?
[A] molarity of OH-
[B] molarity of H+
[C] molarity of H-
[D] molarity of O2

Question #5
What is the molarity of HCl(aq) if 25. milliliters of 8.0M NaOH(aq) neutralizes exactly 20. milliliters of HCl(aq)?
[A] 5M
[B] 10M
[C] 15M
[D] 20M

Question #6
At the end point of titration, what is the relationship between moles of H+ and OH-?
[A] the moles of H+ are greater than OH-
[B] the moles of OH- are greater than H+
[C] the moles of H+ are equal to moles of OH-
[D] there is no relationship between moles of H+ and OH-

Question #7
The molarity of HBr(aq) is 2M when 10 milliliters of 8M NaOH(aq) neutralizes exactly 20 milliliters of HBr.
True
False

Question #8
What is the molarity of NaOH if 5. milliliters of 4M HCl(aq) neutralizes exactly 10. milliliters of NaOH(aq)?
[A] .5M
[B] 1M
[C] 1.5M
[D] 2M

Question #9
If 10.milliliters of a 0.40M HBr solution is required to neutralize exactly 0.2M of NaOH, what is the volume of the base?
[A] 10ml
[B] 20ml
[C] 30ml
[D] 40ml

Question #10
The molarity of a base can be calculated if a base of known concentration (standard base) is added, drop by drop, to a specific volume of the acid until the indicator changes color.
True
False

quiz 4

Question #1
One acid-base theory states that an acid is an H+
[A] acceptor
[B] eliminator
[C] dissolver
[D] donor

Question #2
In the reaction below, HNO3 + H2O <---> H3O+ + NO3- what substance acts like a base in the reverse reaction?
[A] H3O+
[B] H2O
[C] NO3-
[D] HNO3

Question #3
According to the acid-base theory, a base is a substance that can
[A] donate an electron
[B] accept a proton
[C] donate a proton
[D] accept a electron

Question #4
In the following reaction, NH3 + HCl --> NH4+ + Cl- NH3 acts as a/an
[A] base in the reverse reacion.
[B] acid in the forward reaction.
[C] base in the forward reaction.
[D] acid in the reverse reaction.

Question #5
According to the alternate theory, NH3 tends to be a base when it donates the H+.
True
False

Question #6
Which substance acts as an acid in the reverse reaction? HI(g) + H2O(l) <--> H3O+(aq) + I-(aq)
[A] H20
[B] I-
[C] H3O+
[D] HI

Question #7
If a substance donates a H+ ion in the forward reaction it is classified as a base and becomes an acid in the reverse reaction.
True
False

Question #8
Given the reaction below, HNO2 + F- <--> HF + NO2 in the reverse reaction, HF is a/an
[A] acid by accepting H+
[B] base by accepting H+
[C] base by donating H+
[D] acid by donating H+

Question #9
In the following reaction: H2SO4(aq) + H2O(l) <--> HSO4-(aq) + H3O+ H2SO4 acts as an acid in the
[A] reverse reaction
[B] forward reaction
[C] reverse and forward reaction
[D] it is not an acid at all

Question #10
Given the reaction:CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) <---> CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+ CH3COOH is an acid in the forward reaction
True
False

quiz 5

Question #1
The acidity or alkalinity of a solution can be measured by its pH value.
True
False

Question #2
On the pH scale, each decrease of one unit of pH represents a tenfold increase in
[A] hydroxide concentration
[B] hydronium concentration
[C] both hydronium and hydroxide concentration

Question #3
The relative level of acidity or alkalinity of a solution can be shown by using their pH values.
True
False

Question #4
Which of these 1 M solutions will have the highest pH?
[A] CH3OH
[B] HCl
[C] NaCl
[D] NaOH

Question #5
Which pH indicates an acidic solution?
[A] 1
[B] 7
[C] 9
[D] 12

Question #6
Which of these pH numbers indicates the lowest level of acidity?
[A] 1
[B] 3
[C] 8
[D] 12

Question #7
What is the color of the indicator thymol blue in a solution that has a pH of 5?
[A] blue
[B] red
[C] yellow
[D] orange

Question #8
The pH of a pond water is 9.0, after a spill of acid the pond is 1000 more acidic. What is the new pH of the pond?
[A] 12
[B] 6
[C] 7
[D] 5

Question #9
What color is methyl orange in a solution that has a pH of 5?
[A] red
[B] orange
[C] blue
[D] yellow

Question #10
Which pH change represents a hundredfold increase in the concentration of H30+?
[A] pH 3 to pH 2
[B] pH 7 to pH 9
[C] pH 5 to pH 3
[D] pH 13 to pH 14

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